Allergies
1. Types of Reactions
2. Avoidance of Allergens
3. Therapeutic Options
4. Leaky Gut Syndrome
5. Healthcare Professional
6. Summary
Allergies are abnormal immune reactions to specific agents known as antigens or allergens. Examples of common allergens are foods, drugs, pollens, dust mites, mold spores, animal dander, feathers, and insect venoms, as well as other substances which non-allergic people find relatively non-dangerous with usual exposure. Allergies may develop when an otherwise innocent substance has significant contact with an already inflamed surface (sensitization), such as from a viral infection or exposure to irritants, and becomes involved in the immune response. Thereafter, repeated exposure to such a substance may evoke an allergic response with the release of histamine and a variety of other pro-inflammatory substances, including enzymes, leukotrienes, and interleukins, and the creation of damaging free radicals. The multiplicity of these pro-inflammatory substances explains why single medications such as antihistamines often fail to completely control symptoms.
TYPES OF REACTIONS
Allergic reactions may involve any part of the body, but they typically involve the body surfaces that serve as exposure points and gateways. Reactions include hay fever, allergic rhinitis, allergic sinusitis, allergic conjunctivitis, itchy throat, itchy ears, plugged-up ears, asthma, hives, giant hives (angioedema), allergic GI symptoms, and various types of allergic dermatitis and rashes. Headaches, dizziness, fatigue, joint and muscle pains, and many other symptoms can also be allergic in nature.
The most severe life-threatening reaction is anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock. This may include anyof the above symptoms to an extreme degree plus vascular collapse or swelling sufficient to occlude airways, including the mouth and throat. Such a severe reaction is an absolute medical emergency and requires prompt emergency care. Anyone who has ever experienced such a reaction should go to all extremes to prevent a recurrence and should carry medications for prompt self-administration. Should there be a recurrence, the patient should go straight to the nearest medical facility, even if the self-administered medication seems to give temporary relief. Anyone who has had a significant reaction to a medication should know the name of the medication and have this information as well as the names of close relatives on his or her person at all times. A medallion or bracelet is an easy type of identification for medical personnel to find.
Immunological reactions are divided into four categories:
Type I reactions include anaphylactic shock as noted above, as well as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and many acute skin reactions, such as acute drug reactions. In a Type I reaction, an antigen (allergen) binds to IgE antibodies on the surface of mast cells or basophils that release histamine and other mediators that produce tissue damage and symptoms.
Type II reactions include autoimmune processes, such as immune hemolytic anemia and Rh hemolytic disease in the newborn, as well as other multiple examples of antibody (IgG or IgM or both) directed against antigens (including normal receptor sites) on one's own tissue. Autoimmune antibodies are far more common than generally appreciated, and they tend to increase with age. Their activity is a factor in many age-related problems. Many bacteria, including some normally found in our GI tract, share antigens similar to those located on some human cells. Significant exposure to an immune response such as these bacterial antigens can evoke autoimmune disease. An example of this is the role of the intestinal organism Klebsiella in precipitating ankylosing spondylitis in genetically susceptible people. This becomes a significant concern in the leaky gut syndrome.
Type III reactions are immune complex reactions. When an antigen and antibody combine in large enough amounts, complexes may be formed which can be deposited in tissues and blood vessels, resulting in tissue injury. This may be seen in some types of nephritis, arthritis, drug reactions, and some infections, as well as in the leaky gut syndrome.
Type IV reactions are termed delayed hypersensitivity reactions and, unlike the first three types, are not related to humoral antibodies (water-soluble proteins generated by the body termed immunoglobulins), but to T-lymphocytes which, as the name implies, require longer to respond in a sensitized person. Examples include contact dermatitis (as in poison ivy), graph rejection, elimination of tumor cells, and the immune response to fungal, viral, and intracellular bacterial infections. The well-known TB skin test is an example of a Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Other responses in a previously sensitized individual can take from minutes to hours for manifestation, but Type IV reactions can be thought of as taking from hours to days.
AVOIDANCE OF ALLERGENS
Whenever possible, the best therapy for an allergic problem is to avoid the offending substance or substances. The environment of an allergic person should be kept as free of known allergens or potential allergens as possible. Allergy-proof and mite-proof covers should be used on all pillows, mattresses, and box springs in the sleeping area, and all bedding should be washed weekly in very hot (135°F) water. Mold exposure is to be avoided by eliminating moisture-laden growth areas and any new growth must be eliminated promptly. Mold-inhibiting substances are available and should be used freely on mold-prone surfaces. Pets should be kept out of the sleeping area. Cats and dogs should be bathed frequently to reduce the amount of surface allergens on their bodies. Air-conditioning is helpful for pollen allergies, but filters must be changed regularly.
Food allergies are commonly recognized by allergic individuals when tracking their exposure to an offending food. Food allergies may also be identified through the use of elimination diets with cautious reintroduction of suspected foods. The foods most commonly implicated are peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, cow's milk, eggs, wheat, corn, and soy. Citrus, tomatoes, strawberries, and other fresh berries and fruits are also possible offenders. Supplemental digestive enzymes may be taken at meal time to assist the prompt breakdown of food into simpler hypoallergenic components. It has been suggested that liquid intake at meal time be minimized to avoid dilution and possible reduction in effectiveness of enzymes. (However, it is absolutely essential that allergic individuals remain well hydrated and this need must be balanced against the above suggestion. It is also suggested that patients experiencing difficulty with food allergies or with digestion maximize their fluid intake between meals and not at meal time.) Supplemental digestive enzymes may also be helpful.
For patients with respiratory allergies which are not being adequately controlled, consideration should be given to possible rebound or irritant effects such as occurs with nasal sprays. Potent vasoconstrictors such as oxymetazoline (present in many nasal sprays) are well-known for causing a rebound-type effect. Less frequently recognized is an effect caused by some of the preservatives commonly used in nasal sprays, both prescription and over-the-counter preparations.
Benzalkonium chloride is still used as a preservative in most prescription and over-the-counter sprays for the treatment of allergy, and some such products still contain phenylmercuric acetate, an organic mercury product. If symptoms are not being properly controlled, allergy and/or irritation relative to one or more components in the medications should be suspected.
Bernstein (2000) stated in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology that "a worthy technological goal for the new millennium would be a universally adaptable nasal delivery system that would eschew the need for anti-bacterial additives, thereby eliminating potential adverse effects on the nasal mucosa."
THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS
1. Essential Fatty Acids
2. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
3. Vitamin E
4. Falconoids
5. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
6. Glutathione/N-Acetyl-Cysteine
7. Magnesium
8. Zinc
9. Ginkgo Biloba And Beta-Glucan
Essential Fatty Acids
Adequate supplements of essential fatty acids with omega-6 and omega-3 types should be taken because these have an anti-inflammatory effect when taken together. A pro-inflammatory effect of common unhealthy dietary fats is the overproduction of arachidonic acid. This pro-inflammatory effect is blocked by the omega-3 fatty acids. The omega-3 essential fatty acids EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) are found in the oil from fatty fish. The minimum dose of EPA/DHA is 1400 mg daily. Precursors of EPA/DHA are found in flax and perilla seed oils. Minimum dose is 6000 mg daily. A potent anti-inflammatory fatty acid is GLA (gamma-linolenic acid) which can be obtained from evening primrose, black currant seed, or borage oils. A suggested dose would be 900-1500 mg daily of GLA from these oils. Borage oil provides the highest concentration, thereby requiring fewer capsules to be taken. All supplements, if possible, should be kept in the refrigerator or freezer and should be taken at the beginning of a meal to reduce heartburn and after-taste.
The average American diet contains ten times more dangerous omega-6 fatty acids compared to omega-3 fatty acids. This alters the cell membrane phospholipids and increases the likelihood of inflammatory responses in atopic (allergic) diseases. A study by Kankaanpaa et al. (1999) concluded that careful manipulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may play a key role in the successful management of inflammation occurring in atopic (allergic) diseases.
Note: Beneficial fatty acids are found in the oils in fish, corn, walnut, sunflower seeds, soy beans, cotton seed, safflower, and most other edible oils except those of olive and peanut which are predominantly monounsaturated (a single unsaturated bond per molecule). It is the polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids that are essential because the body cannot manufacture them, but which are required in multiple vital body processes, including synthesis of beneficial prostaglandins.
A deficiency or imbalance in these essential fatty acids has profound adverse effect on health, yet this is a common problem in America today. An ointment containing the essential omega-3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA, produced satisfactory results in 64 patients with refractory dermatitis (Watanabe et al. 1999), and a study of 135 children with allergic diseases showed that a supplement containing omega-3 essential fatty acids resulted in healthier cell membranes. Clinical evaluation substantiated that improved membrane integrity lessens the numbers of allergic assaults (Gorelova et al. 1999).
A study listed the diets of 3-month-old infants and their mothers to assess the effect of fatty acids in the diet. Infants with allergies had less GLA in their serum phospholipids than healthy infants. It was also noted that even though the mothers had similar fatty acids in their diets, the allergic mothers had less GLA in their breast milk. The authors concluded: "high dietary proportions of N-6 PUFA (arachidonic acid and its precursors common in the American diet) with reduced portions of regulatory PUFA such as gamma-linolenic acid (essential omega-6) and N-3 PUFA (ALA, EPA, DHA) may be a risk factor for the development of atopic disease" (Kankaanpaa et al. 2001).
This would suggest that women with allergies who are breast-feeding should take GLA (essential omega-6 in borage oil, evening primrose oil, etc.), and the essential omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA (or their precursor, alpha linolenic acid found in flax or perilla oil) as supplements.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
CoQ10 is an essential factor in the tiny energy producers, the mitochondria, present in all cells. Mitochondria produce the vital chemical ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is the energy source for all living processes. CoQ10 is also a potent antioxidant and, along with vitamin E, functions as an antioxidant in hard to reach cell parts, such as the mitochondrial membrane. Dangerously low CoQ10 levels were originally noted in gravely ill cardiac patients; however, CoQ10 can also become seriously depleted in many forms of degenerative disease and a study showed that 14 out of 36 patients with diverse allergic conditions had CoQ10 levels equal to a group of gravely ill cardiac patients (Ye et al. 1988). In general, CoQ10 levels decline significantly with age. CoQ10 is best taken as an oil-based supplement with tocotrienols in a dose of 30-300 mg daily.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as a free radical scavenger of lipids or fat, protecting cell membranes and preventing damage to membrane-associated enzymes. Leukotrienes (LT) are lipid membrane-derived compounds generated by the metabolism of arachidonic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase found in leukocytes and other cells. In a manner somewhat analogous to histamine, leuko-trienes have a number of undesirable allergic and inflammatory effects, including smooth muscle contraction; vaso-constriction; vasodilatation and increased blood vessel permeability; simulation of mucus secretion; and increased airway hyporeactivity.
Centanni et al. (2001) considered the role vitamin E plays in treating asthma and allergies by modifying the leukotriene pathway with vitamin E. Vitamin E in a concentration-dependent manner inhibited the receptor-mediated activation of neutrophils which, in an asthmatic, results in the synthesis of leukotrienes. The study indicated that vitamin E may suppress leukotriene pathways, making it potentially useful in the treatment of asthma/allergic patients. Four types of vitamin E occur in nature as well as an additional four types of its close relatives, the tocotrienols, which are particularly effective free radical fighters at the cell membrane level. Since each of these agents seems to have unique functions, a supplement containing a mixture of these naturally occurring compounds called Gamma E Tocopherol/Tocotrienols is available.
Recommendations for vitamin E are usually 400-800 units daily. This can easily be achieved through the use of the basic Life Extension Mix plus one "gamma E" supplement. A study by Hijazi et al. (2000) indicated lower levels of antioxidants such as vitamin E increased the risk of allergies by threefold. Allergic reactions can be mitigated and sometimes eliminated by maintaining high levels of antioxidants. The research of Dr. Linus Pauling, two-time Nobel Prize winner, has highlighted vitamin C as an essential water-soluble nutrient that acts as a free radical scavenger, enhances collagen synthesis, and boosts immune function. In particular, vitamin C is a natural antihistamine and may be taken at doses up to 12,000 mg or more daily, provided the dose is kept below the diarrhea level.
Flavonoids
Certain flavonoids, particularly rutin and quercetin, have anti-allergy effects (Fanning et al. 1983) and team up well with vitamin C, as do the oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) found in grape seed extract. Proanthocyanidins (grapeseed extract) may be taken (100 mg) one to three times a day. Bucca et al. (1990) found that compared to a placebo, 2 grams of vitamin C improved pulmonary function 1 hour after taking. Featon et al. (2000) found a sevenfold increase in bronchial hyperreactivity among those with the lowest intake of vitamin C. The most effective form of quercetin is a patented water-soluble version that is available from only a few supplement companies in the United States.
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) has been called the universal antioxidant because of its broad-spectrum effects in the body. LA not only works independently as an antioxidant, but it also works synergistically with other antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, glutathione, and CoQ10, helping to recycle their biologic actions in the body. In Germany, LA is an approved treatment for neuropathies and liver disease. LA should be taken at doses of 250 mg 2 times a day along with the B vitamin biotin. Individuals with elevated blood sugars should start LA treatment gradually because an initial dose that is too high could bring elevated blood sugars down too abruptly and produce transient hypoglycemic symptoms.
Glutathione (GSH)/N-Acetyl-Cysteine
Glutathione (GSH) is a naturally occurring tripeptide that protects every cell from toxic free radicals. It contains the three amino acids glycine, glutamic acid, and cysteine. N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is an acetylated ester of the amino acid, cysteine. NAC has a powerful effect on raising glutathione levels in the body. In fact, it has been found more potent than giving glutathione itself. For many years, NAC has been used in the treatment of bronchitis and other lung conditions as an expectorant or mucous thinner as well as for its anti-inflammatory effects. NAC is also the treatment of choice to reduce the toxicity of acetaminophen, particularly when toxic doses are present. NAC has been shown to enhance T-cell function. NAC should be taken in a dose of 600 mg once daily. NAC should be accompanied by vitamin C, 1000 mg or more per 600 mg of NAC, to maintain its effectiveness.
As noted, L-glutathione may be taken as a supplement, however, NAC as a precursor to glutathione may naturally raise glutathione to optimal levels more readily than glutathione itself taken orally. Intravenous glutathione has been used by Dr. Perlmutter in the treatment of neurological conditions, raising the possibility that similar therapy may be of value in certain severe allergic/immunological conditions, such as severe asthma (Perlmutter 2000). Studies have indicated a causal role for oxidative stress in asthma and in contact dermatitis. Glutathione, NAC, and other antioxidants are recommended to counter oxidation (Willis et al. 2001).
IgE antibodies are involved in hay fever, asthma, anaphylactic shock, and atopic skin disease (e.g., eczema). Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a factor in the production of IgE antibodies. A study by Bengtsson et al. 2001 showed supplementation with NAC and glutathione lowered levels of IL-4 and enhanced T-cell proliferation. Nitric oxide (NO) in expired air is a good indicator of the severity of respiratory diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and cystic fibrosis (Corradi et al. 2001). Glutathione binds with NO to create nitrosothiols (RS-NOS). This binding can help reduce the inflammatory effects of NO. Future studies should give a better picture of how effective this may be.
Allergies
Magnesium
Magnesium is a mineral utilized by every cell of the body and participates in energy metabolism and protein synthesis. The body vigilantly protects blood magnesium levels, in part because at least 350 enzymatic processes depend upon magnesium status for activation. An intake of magnesium supplements from 500-1000 mg daily is particularly helpful in many conditions such as bronchial asthma, as well as cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, migraine headaches, and others. The dose should be kept below the diarrhea level. Magnesium should be accompanied by 900-1000 mg daily of elemental calcium in a tablet or capsule that completely dissolves. Some individuals may require higher levels of calcium, up to 1500 mg daily. Calcium has a constipating effect which tends to offset the diarrheal effect of magnesium. Calcium and magnesium supplements should not be taken at the exact same time as the essential fatty acids because they tend to mutually interfere with absorption.
Stress plays a major role in allergic reactions. Magnesium plays an important role in managing all forms of stress, whether the stress is physical, emotional, or the result of injury/trauma (Seelig 1994). As magnesium levels decline, the incidence of allergies and asthma increases (Hijazi et al. 2000). As noted earlier, magnesium is required for many necessary functions, making it easy to understand the need for magnesium supplements.
Zinc
Zinc plays an important role in proper functioning of the immune system. A safe daily dose is 30 mg daily for an adult. It is recommended that the total daily intake be kept below 60 mg.
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo biloba comes from a tree considered the last existing member of a group of ancient trees called Ginkgoaceae still found in China. Extracts from the leaves of ginkgo are used to stimulate circulation and improve brain function. Ginkgo biloba in combination with beta-glucan has helped to alleviate contact dermatitis (Castelli et al. 1998). An ingredient from ginkgo has been shown to have a positive effect on asthma (Mahmoud et al. 2000) and significantly reduces airway hyporeactivity. In another study, the authors concluded that ginkgo was an effective drug for relieving airway inflammation (Li et al. 1997).
WHAT IS THE LEAKY GUT SYNDROME?
1. Supplements that Improve Digestive Health
Leaky gut syndrome is a term used to explain the malfunctioning of the gut when particles such as poorly digested foods, bacteria, and toxins are allowed to leak through the gut wall into the lymphatics and subsequently the blood stream. When this occurs, the immune system produces a response which causes a reaction against the foods and other materials. A resulting inflammatory response can lead to conditions such as allergies, asthma, immune disorders, Crohn's disease, colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome. There can be sufficient inflammation in the gut to hamper digestion.
1. There appear to be multiple contributory factors involved in the leaky gut syndrome. They include:
2. Food sources such as sugar, refined flour, processed food with preservatives and low fiber content, and caffeinated beverages.
3. Alcohol and prescription drugs such as antibiotics Nonprescription drugs such as aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen
4. Mercury (such as in dental fillings)
If you have food allergies, a leaky gut could be a large part of the problem and taking steps to correct it could be the beginning of better health. Improving a diet by avoiding caffeine, alcohol, refined carbohydrates, and sugar could be a good start. If you use tobacco, stop! Minimize your exposure to toxins, chemicals, and unnecessary medications. Maintain a balanced diet, emphasizing fresh fruits and vegetables. Shop on the periphery of the supermarket where perishable foods requiring refrigeration are sold. Eat foods on a 3-day rotation basis. That is, allow at least 3 days between eating any particular food. Remember, some foods such as wheat and corn, as well as soy and milk protein, tend to appear in many forms, particularly in processed food. Diligence is required to recognize and avoid all of these.
SUPPLEMENTS THAT IMPROVE DIGESTIVE HEALTH
1. Digestive Enzymes
2. Bifido Bacteria
3. Fructo-Oligosaccharides
4. Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice Root
Digestive Enzymes
Supplemental digestive enzymes will help the natural enzymes secreted by the pancreas to adequately digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Natural digestive enzymes are often missing or inadequately secreted in cases of food allergies or leaky gut syndrome. Digestive enzymes such as Super Digestive Enzymes should be taken with every meal.
Probiotics
Probiotics are nutritional supplements that contain the same friendly bacteria that are found in the intestinal tract. These beneficial bacteria aid in the breakdown of fats and proteins and help absorb vital nutrients from our food. Natural intestinal bacteria may become compromised with aging, illness, or taking certain medications such as antibiotics. Probiotic supplementation with a human strain of acidophilus (small bowel friendly bacteria) and a human strain of bifidus (large bowel friendly bacteria) should be taken two to three times a day.
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a naturally occurring friendly bacteria that resides in the upper section of the GI tract. Friendly bacteria provide a barrier against bad bacteria and also assist in the digestion and absorption of food. Some commercial yogurt companies claim that their products contain live active Lactobacillaceae. The strains commonly used in production of yogurt are helpful and beneficial, but cannot actively colonize the gut because they are not "human adapted." Human adaptive Lactobacillaceae are an example of probiotic organisms that can help recolonize the GI tract with beneficial bacteria. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, pregnant women with a first-degree relative or partner with atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, or asthma were given lactobacillus. Supplementation of the women and their infants continued after birth for 6 months. The study found that the frequency of atopic eczema in the probiotic group was half that of the placebo group. The researchers interpretation of the study was that lactobacillus was effective in prevention of early atopic disease and also to children at high risk. It was suggested that microflora may be an unexplored source of natural immuno-modulators for the prevention of atopic disease (Kalliomaki et al. 2001).
A meta-analysis documented that probiotics exert a prophylactic and therapeutic benefit both in viral gastroenteritis and in atopic disease. Probiotics appear to act by enhancing gut immunological reactions (Saavedra 2001). It appears that allergies in early childhood can be related to improper input from gut-colonizing bacteria in the regulation of immunological activity. Certain strains of lactobacillus appear to stimulate the production of beneficial interleukins and other cytokines. The lactobacillus may act by modifying the gut microflora to provide pro-T helper cell I (TH1) activating signals which tend to correct the TH2-type bias that promotes allergy (Cross et al. 2001).
Fructo-Oligosaccharides
Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are a class of carbohydrate that we do not digest or absorb into the bloodstream, but which have an important function in feeding friendly bacteria, especially the bifido bacteria. By aiding the proliferation of bifido bacteria, the result is more protection in the gut from pathogens (Nemcova et al. 1999). Better digestion and absorption are reported in some cases along with improved lipid profile. FOS have been shown to increase the number of bifido bacteria and even Lactobacillceae (Sghir et al. 1998). In one study, adding 15 grams a day of FOS (about 3 tsp) resulted in an increase in bifido bacteria in the feces and healthier gut microflora which enhanced the condition of the bowel (Gibson et al. 1994, 1995). FOS are naturally present in some foods such as artichoke and have a slightly sweet taste.
Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice Root
Deglycyrrhizinated licorice root (DGL) has also been found to be beneficial for leaky gut syndrome. The recommended dose for this would be 500 mg of a 10:1 extract 3 times daily. It must be stressed that DGL retains the beneficial GI effects, but avoids the other potential side effects of using whole licorice that may include hypokalemia, hypernatremia, edemas, hypertension, and cardiac complaints.
WHEN TO CONTACT A HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL
For allergy problems with symptoms not relieved by personal measures, a healthcare professional trained in allergy should be consulted for allergen identification, assistance in allergen avoidance, and symptomatic treatment. Many allergy problems may be treated with allergen immunotherapy (desensitization, a series of treatments which can make you less sensitive to some allergens). Women who are pregnant (or may become so) and persons with other significant medical problems should seek guidance from a healthcare professional before using supplements and herbs, as should parents before giving these products to their children.
Summary
The number of supplements involved in suppressing allergy symptoms can appear daunting, but the benefits of consuming these nutrients include reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and a host of degenerative diseases associated with aging. Therefore, while the objective of the allergy patient is immediate relief, the use of nutritional supplements can provide a long-term solution in treating the underlying causes of chronic allergy problems and helping to maintain an optimal state of health.
Reference: Life Extension Foundation
http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-005.shtml
All Contents Copyright © 1995-2004 Life Extension Foundation All rights reserved.
Allergies
References
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Bernstein, I.L. Is the use of benzalkonium chloride as a preservative for nasal formulations a safety concern? A cautionary note based on compromised mucociliary transport. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2000 Jan; 105(1, Pt. 1): 39-44.
Bucca, C., Rolla, G., Oliva, A., Farina, J.C. Effect of vitamin C on histamine bronchial responsiveness of patients with allergic rhinitis. Ann. Allergy 1990; 65(4): 311-4.
Castelli, D., Colin, L., Camel, E., Ries, G.D. Pretreatment of skin with a Ginkgo biloba extract/sodium carboxymethyl-beta-1,3-glucan formulation appears to inhibit the elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis in man. Contact Dermatitis 1998; 38(3): 123-6.
Centanni, S., Santus, P., Di Marco, F., Fumagalli, F., Zarini, S., Sala, A. The potential role of tocopherol in asthma and allergies: modification of the leukotriene pathway. BioDrugs 2001; 15(2): 81-6.
Corradi, M., Montuschi, P., Donnelly, L.E, Pesci, A., Kharitonov, S.A., Barnes, P.J. Increased nitrosothiols in exhaled breath condensate in inflammatory airway diseases. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care. Med. 2001 Mar; 163(4): 854-8.
Cross, M.L., Gill, H.S. Can immunoregulatory lactic acid bacteria be used as dietary supplements to limit allergies? Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2001 Jun; 125(2): 112-9.
Fanning, M.J., Macander, P., Drzewiecki, G., Middleton, E., Jr. Quercetin inhibits anaphylactic contraction of guinea pig ileum smooth muscle. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 1983; 71(4): 371-3.
Gibson, G.R., Wang, X. Enrichment of bifidobacteria from human gut contents by oligofructose using continuous culture. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 1994 May 1; 118(1-2): 121-7. Gibson, G.R., Beatty, E.R., Wang, X., Cummings, J.H.
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Kalliomaki, M., Salminen, S., Arvilommi, H., Kero, P., Koskinen, P., Isolauri, E. Probiotics in primary prevention of atopic disease: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.
Lancet 2001 Apr 7; 357(9262): 1076-9. Kankaanpaa, P., Sutas, Y., Salminen, S., Lichtenstein, A., Isolauri, E. Dietary fatty acids and allergy. Ann. Med. 1999 Aug; 31(4): 282-7.
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1. Types of Reactions
2. Avoidance of Allergens
3. Therapeutic Options
4. Leaky Gut Syndrome
5. Healthcare Professional
6. Summary
Allergies are abnormal immune reactions to specific agents known as antigens or allergens. Examples of common allergens are foods, drugs, pollens, dust mites, mold spores, animal dander, feathers, and insect venoms, as well as other substances which non-allergic people find relatively non-dangerous with usual exposure. Allergies may develop when an otherwise innocent substance has significant contact with an already inflamed surface (sensitization), such as from a viral infection or exposure to irritants, and becomes involved in the immune response. Thereafter, repeated exposure to such a substance may evoke an allergic response with the release of histamine and a variety of other pro-inflammatory substances, including enzymes, leukotrienes, and interleukins, and the creation of damaging free radicals. The multiplicity of these pro-inflammatory substances explains why single medications such as antihistamines often fail to completely control symptoms.
TYPES OF REACTIONS
Allergic reactions may involve any part of the body, but they typically involve the body surfaces that serve as exposure points and gateways. Reactions include hay fever, allergic rhinitis, allergic sinusitis, allergic conjunctivitis, itchy throat, itchy ears, plugged-up ears, asthma, hives, giant hives (angioedema), allergic GI symptoms, and various types of allergic dermatitis and rashes. Headaches, dizziness, fatigue, joint and muscle pains, and many other symptoms can also be allergic in nature.
The most severe life-threatening reaction is anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock. This may include anyof the above symptoms to an extreme degree plus vascular collapse or swelling sufficient to occlude airways, including the mouth and throat. Such a severe reaction is an absolute medical emergency and requires prompt emergency care. Anyone who has ever experienced such a reaction should go to all extremes to prevent a recurrence and should carry medications for prompt self-administration. Should there be a recurrence, the patient should go straight to the nearest medical facility, even if the self-administered medication seems to give temporary relief. Anyone who has had a significant reaction to a medication should know the name of the medication and have this information as well as the names of close relatives on his or her person at all times. A medallion or bracelet is an easy type of identification for medical personnel to find.
Immunological reactions are divided into four categories:
Type I reactions include anaphylactic shock as noted above, as well as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and many acute skin reactions, such as acute drug reactions. In a Type I reaction, an antigen (allergen) binds to IgE antibodies on the surface of mast cells or basophils that release histamine and other mediators that produce tissue damage and symptoms.
Type II reactions include autoimmune processes, such as immune hemolytic anemia and Rh hemolytic disease in the newborn, as well as other multiple examples of antibody (IgG or IgM or both) directed against antigens (including normal receptor sites) on one's own tissue. Autoimmune antibodies are far more common than generally appreciated, and they tend to increase with age. Their activity is a factor in many age-related problems. Many bacteria, including some normally found in our GI tract, share antigens similar to those located on some human cells. Significant exposure to an immune response such as these bacterial antigens can evoke autoimmune disease. An example of this is the role of the intestinal organism Klebsiella in precipitating ankylosing spondylitis in genetically susceptible people. This becomes a significant concern in the leaky gut syndrome.
Type III reactions are immune complex reactions. When an antigen and antibody combine in large enough amounts, complexes may be formed which can be deposited in tissues and blood vessels, resulting in tissue injury. This may be seen in some types of nephritis, arthritis, drug reactions, and some infections, as well as in the leaky gut syndrome.
Type IV reactions are termed delayed hypersensitivity reactions and, unlike the first three types, are not related to humoral antibodies (water-soluble proteins generated by the body termed immunoglobulins), but to T-lymphocytes which, as the name implies, require longer to respond in a sensitized person. Examples include contact dermatitis (as in poison ivy), graph rejection, elimination of tumor cells, and the immune response to fungal, viral, and intracellular bacterial infections. The well-known TB skin test is an example of a Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Other responses in a previously sensitized individual can take from minutes to hours for manifestation, but Type IV reactions can be thought of as taking from hours to days.
AVOIDANCE OF ALLERGENS
Whenever possible, the best therapy for an allergic problem is to avoid the offending substance or substances. The environment of an allergic person should be kept as free of known allergens or potential allergens as possible. Allergy-proof and mite-proof covers should be used on all pillows, mattresses, and box springs in the sleeping area, and all bedding should be washed weekly in very hot (135°F) water. Mold exposure is to be avoided by eliminating moisture-laden growth areas and any new growth must be eliminated promptly. Mold-inhibiting substances are available and should be used freely on mold-prone surfaces. Pets should be kept out of the sleeping area. Cats and dogs should be bathed frequently to reduce the amount of surface allergens on their bodies. Air-conditioning is helpful for pollen allergies, but filters must be changed regularly.
Food allergies are commonly recognized by allergic individuals when tracking their exposure to an offending food. Food allergies may also be identified through the use of elimination diets with cautious reintroduction of suspected foods. The foods most commonly implicated are peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, cow's milk, eggs, wheat, corn, and soy. Citrus, tomatoes, strawberries, and other fresh berries and fruits are also possible offenders. Supplemental digestive enzymes may be taken at meal time to assist the prompt breakdown of food into simpler hypoallergenic components. It has been suggested that liquid intake at meal time be minimized to avoid dilution and possible reduction in effectiveness of enzymes. (However, it is absolutely essential that allergic individuals remain well hydrated and this need must be balanced against the above suggestion. It is also suggested that patients experiencing difficulty with food allergies or with digestion maximize their fluid intake between meals and not at meal time.) Supplemental digestive enzymes may also be helpful.
For patients with respiratory allergies which are not being adequately controlled, consideration should be given to possible rebound or irritant effects such as occurs with nasal sprays. Potent vasoconstrictors such as oxymetazoline (present in many nasal sprays) are well-known for causing a rebound-type effect. Less frequently recognized is an effect caused by some of the preservatives commonly used in nasal sprays, both prescription and over-the-counter preparations.
Benzalkonium chloride is still used as a preservative in most prescription and over-the-counter sprays for the treatment of allergy, and some such products still contain phenylmercuric acetate, an organic mercury product. If symptoms are not being properly controlled, allergy and/or irritation relative to one or more components in the medications should be suspected.
Bernstein (2000) stated in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology that "a worthy technological goal for the new millennium would be a universally adaptable nasal delivery system that would eschew the need for anti-bacterial additives, thereby eliminating potential adverse effects on the nasal mucosa."
THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS
1. Essential Fatty Acids
2. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
3. Vitamin E
4. Falconoids
5. Alpha-Lipoic Acid
6. Glutathione/N-Acetyl-Cysteine
7. Magnesium
8. Zinc
9. Ginkgo Biloba And Beta-Glucan
Essential Fatty Acids
Adequate supplements of essential fatty acids with omega-6 and omega-3 types should be taken because these have an anti-inflammatory effect when taken together. A pro-inflammatory effect of common unhealthy dietary fats is the overproduction of arachidonic acid. This pro-inflammatory effect is blocked by the omega-3 fatty acids. The omega-3 essential fatty acids EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) are found in the oil from fatty fish. The minimum dose of EPA/DHA is 1400 mg daily. Precursors of EPA/DHA are found in flax and perilla seed oils. Minimum dose is 6000 mg daily. A potent anti-inflammatory fatty acid is GLA (gamma-linolenic acid) which can be obtained from evening primrose, black currant seed, or borage oils. A suggested dose would be 900-1500 mg daily of GLA from these oils. Borage oil provides the highest concentration, thereby requiring fewer capsules to be taken. All supplements, if possible, should be kept in the refrigerator or freezer and should be taken at the beginning of a meal to reduce heartburn and after-taste.
The average American diet contains ten times more dangerous omega-6 fatty acids compared to omega-3 fatty acids. This alters the cell membrane phospholipids and increases the likelihood of inflammatory responses in atopic (allergic) diseases. A study by Kankaanpaa et al. (1999) concluded that careful manipulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may play a key role in the successful management of inflammation occurring in atopic (allergic) diseases.
Note: Beneficial fatty acids are found in the oils in fish, corn, walnut, sunflower seeds, soy beans, cotton seed, safflower, and most other edible oils except those of olive and peanut which are predominantly monounsaturated (a single unsaturated bond per molecule). It is the polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids that are essential because the body cannot manufacture them, but which are required in multiple vital body processes, including synthesis of beneficial prostaglandins.
A deficiency or imbalance in these essential fatty acids has profound adverse effect on health, yet this is a common problem in America today. An ointment containing the essential omega-3 fatty acids, DHA and EPA, produced satisfactory results in 64 patients with refractory dermatitis (Watanabe et al. 1999), and a study of 135 children with allergic diseases showed that a supplement containing omega-3 essential fatty acids resulted in healthier cell membranes. Clinical evaluation substantiated that improved membrane integrity lessens the numbers of allergic assaults (Gorelova et al. 1999).
A study listed the diets of 3-month-old infants and their mothers to assess the effect of fatty acids in the diet. Infants with allergies had less GLA in their serum phospholipids than healthy infants. It was also noted that even though the mothers had similar fatty acids in their diets, the allergic mothers had less GLA in their breast milk. The authors concluded: "high dietary proportions of N-6 PUFA (arachidonic acid and its precursors common in the American diet) with reduced portions of regulatory PUFA such as gamma-linolenic acid (essential omega-6) and N-3 PUFA (ALA, EPA, DHA) may be a risk factor for the development of atopic disease" (Kankaanpaa et al. 2001).
This would suggest that women with allergies who are breast-feeding should take GLA (essential omega-6 in borage oil, evening primrose oil, etc.), and the essential omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA (or their precursor, alpha linolenic acid found in flax or perilla oil) as supplements.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
CoQ10 is an essential factor in the tiny energy producers, the mitochondria, present in all cells. Mitochondria produce the vital chemical ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is the energy source for all living processes. CoQ10 is also a potent antioxidant and, along with vitamin E, functions as an antioxidant in hard to reach cell parts, such as the mitochondrial membrane. Dangerously low CoQ10 levels were originally noted in gravely ill cardiac patients; however, CoQ10 can also become seriously depleted in many forms of degenerative disease and a study showed that 14 out of 36 patients with diverse allergic conditions had CoQ10 levels equal to a group of gravely ill cardiac patients (Ye et al. 1988). In general, CoQ10 levels decline significantly with age. CoQ10 is best taken as an oil-based supplement with tocotrienols in a dose of 30-300 mg daily.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as a free radical scavenger of lipids or fat, protecting cell membranes and preventing damage to membrane-associated enzymes. Leukotrienes (LT) are lipid membrane-derived compounds generated by the metabolism of arachidonic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase found in leukocytes and other cells. In a manner somewhat analogous to histamine, leuko-trienes have a number of undesirable allergic and inflammatory effects, including smooth muscle contraction; vaso-constriction; vasodilatation and increased blood vessel permeability; simulation of mucus secretion; and increased airway hyporeactivity.
Centanni et al. (2001) considered the role vitamin E plays in treating asthma and allergies by modifying the leukotriene pathway with vitamin E. Vitamin E in a concentration-dependent manner inhibited the receptor-mediated activation of neutrophils which, in an asthmatic, results in the synthesis of leukotrienes. The study indicated that vitamin E may suppress leukotriene pathways, making it potentially useful in the treatment of asthma/allergic patients. Four types of vitamin E occur in nature as well as an additional four types of its close relatives, the tocotrienols, which are particularly effective free radical fighters at the cell membrane level. Since each of these agents seems to have unique functions, a supplement containing a mixture of these naturally occurring compounds called Gamma E Tocopherol/Tocotrienols is available.
Recommendations for vitamin E are usually 400-800 units daily. This can easily be achieved through the use of the basic Life Extension Mix plus one "gamma E" supplement. A study by Hijazi et al. (2000) indicated lower levels of antioxidants such as vitamin E increased the risk of allergies by threefold. Allergic reactions can be mitigated and sometimes eliminated by maintaining high levels of antioxidants. The research of Dr. Linus Pauling, two-time Nobel Prize winner, has highlighted vitamin C as an essential water-soluble nutrient that acts as a free radical scavenger, enhances collagen synthesis, and boosts immune function. In particular, vitamin C is a natural antihistamine and may be taken at doses up to 12,000 mg or more daily, provided the dose is kept below the diarrhea level.
Flavonoids
Certain flavonoids, particularly rutin and quercetin, have anti-allergy effects (Fanning et al. 1983) and team up well with vitamin C, as do the oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) found in grape seed extract. Proanthocyanidins (grapeseed extract) may be taken (100 mg) one to three times a day. Bucca et al. (1990) found that compared to a placebo, 2 grams of vitamin C improved pulmonary function 1 hour after taking. Featon et al. (2000) found a sevenfold increase in bronchial hyperreactivity among those with the lowest intake of vitamin C. The most effective form of quercetin is a patented water-soluble version that is available from only a few supplement companies in the United States.
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) has been called the universal antioxidant because of its broad-spectrum effects in the body. LA not only works independently as an antioxidant, but it also works synergistically with other antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, glutathione, and CoQ10, helping to recycle their biologic actions in the body. In Germany, LA is an approved treatment for neuropathies and liver disease. LA should be taken at doses of 250 mg 2 times a day along with the B vitamin biotin. Individuals with elevated blood sugars should start LA treatment gradually because an initial dose that is too high could bring elevated blood sugars down too abruptly and produce transient hypoglycemic symptoms.
Glutathione (GSH)/N-Acetyl-Cysteine
Glutathione (GSH) is a naturally occurring tripeptide that protects every cell from toxic free radicals. It contains the three amino acids glycine, glutamic acid, and cysteine. N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is an acetylated ester of the amino acid, cysteine. NAC has a powerful effect on raising glutathione levels in the body. In fact, it has been found more potent than giving glutathione itself. For many years, NAC has been used in the treatment of bronchitis and other lung conditions as an expectorant or mucous thinner as well as for its anti-inflammatory effects. NAC is also the treatment of choice to reduce the toxicity of acetaminophen, particularly when toxic doses are present. NAC has been shown to enhance T-cell function. NAC should be taken in a dose of 600 mg once daily. NAC should be accompanied by vitamin C, 1000 mg or more per 600 mg of NAC, to maintain its effectiveness.
As noted, L-glutathione may be taken as a supplement, however, NAC as a precursor to glutathione may naturally raise glutathione to optimal levels more readily than glutathione itself taken orally. Intravenous glutathione has been used by Dr. Perlmutter in the treatment of neurological conditions, raising the possibility that similar therapy may be of value in certain severe allergic/immunological conditions, such as severe asthma (Perlmutter 2000). Studies have indicated a causal role for oxidative stress in asthma and in contact dermatitis. Glutathione, NAC, and other antioxidants are recommended to counter oxidation (Willis et al. 2001).
IgE antibodies are involved in hay fever, asthma, anaphylactic shock, and atopic skin disease (e.g., eczema). Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a factor in the production of IgE antibodies. A study by Bengtsson et al. 2001 showed supplementation with NAC and glutathione lowered levels of IL-4 and enhanced T-cell proliferation. Nitric oxide (NO) in expired air is a good indicator of the severity of respiratory diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and cystic fibrosis (Corradi et al. 2001). Glutathione binds with NO to create nitrosothiols (RS-NOS). This binding can help reduce the inflammatory effects of NO. Future studies should give a better picture of how effective this may be.
Allergies
Magnesium
Magnesium is a mineral utilized by every cell of the body and participates in energy metabolism and protein synthesis. The body vigilantly protects blood magnesium levels, in part because at least 350 enzymatic processes depend upon magnesium status for activation. An intake of magnesium supplements from 500-1000 mg daily is particularly helpful in many conditions such as bronchial asthma, as well as cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, migraine headaches, and others. The dose should be kept below the diarrhea level. Magnesium should be accompanied by 900-1000 mg daily of elemental calcium in a tablet or capsule that completely dissolves. Some individuals may require higher levels of calcium, up to 1500 mg daily. Calcium has a constipating effect which tends to offset the diarrheal effect of magnesium. Calcium and magnesium supplements should not be taken at the exact same time as the essential fatty acids because they tend to mutually interfere with absorption.
Stress plays a major role in allergic reactions. Magnesium plays an important role in managing all forms of stress, whether the stress is physical, emotional, or the result of injury/trauma (Seelig 1994). As magnesium levels decline, the incidence of allergies and asthma increases (Hijazi et al. 2000). As noted earlier, magnesium is required for many necessary functions, making it easy to understand the need for magnesium supplements.
Zinc
Zinc plays an important role in proper functioning of the immune system. A safe daily dose is 30 mg daily for an adult. It is recommended that the total daily intake be kept below 60 mg.
Ginkgo Biloba
Ginkgo biloba comes from a tree considered the last existing member of a group of ancient trees called Ginkgoaceae still found in China. Extracts from the leaves of ginkgo are used to stimulate circulation and improve brain function. Ginkgo biloba in combination with beta-glucan has helped to alleviate contact dermatitis (Castelli et al. 1998). An ingredient from ginkgo has been shown to have a positive effect on asthma (Mahmoud et al. 2000) and significantly reduces airway hyporeactivity. In another study, the authors concluded that ginkgo was an effective drug for relieving airway inflammation (Li et al. 1997).
WHAT IS THE LEAKY GUT SYNDROME?
1. Supplements that Improve Digestive Health
Leaky gut syndrome is a term used to explain the malfunctioning of the gut when particles such as poorly digested foods, bacteria, and toxins are allowed to leak through the gut wall into the lymphatics and subsequently the blood stream. When this occurs, the immune system produces a response which causes a reaction against the foods and other materials. A resulting inflammatory response can lead to conditions such as allergies, asthma, immune disorders, Crohn's disease, colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome. There can be sufficient inflammation in the gut to hamper digestion.
1. There appear to be multiple contributory factors involved in the leaky gut syndrome. They include:
2. Food sources such as sugar, refined flour, processed food with preservatives and low fiber content, and caffeinated beverages.
3. Alcohol and prescription drugs such as antibiotics Nonprescription drugs such as aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen
4. Mercury (such as in dental fillings)
If you have food allergies, a leaky gut could be a large part of the problem and taking steps to correct it could be the beginning of better health. Improving a diet by avoiding caffeine, alcohol, refined carbohydrates, and sugar could be a good start. If you use tobacco, stop! Minimize your exposure to toxins, chemicals, and unnecessary medications. Maintain a balanced diet, emphasizing fresh fruits and vegetables. Shop on the periphery of the supermarket where perishable foods requiring refrigeration are sold. Eat foods on a 3-day rotation basis. That is, allow at least 3 days between eating any particular food. Remember, some foods such as wheat and corn, as well as soy and milk protein, tend to appear in many forms, particularly in processed food. Diligence is required to recognize and avoid all of these.
SUPPLEMENTS THAT IMPROVE DIGESTIVE HEALTH
1. Digestive Enzymes
2. Bifido Bacteria
3. Fructo-Oligosaccharides
4. Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice Root
Digestive Enzymes
Supplemental digestive enzymes will help the natural enzymes secreted by the pancreas to adequately digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Natural digestive enzymes are often missing or inadequately secreted in cases of food allergies or leaky gut syndrome. Digestive enzymes such as Super Digestive Enzymes should be taken with every meal.
Probiotics
Probiotics are nutritional supplements that contain the same friendly bacteria that are found in the intestinal tract. These beneficial bacteria aid in the breakdown of fats and proteins and help absorb vital nutrients from our food. Natural intestinal bacteria may become compromised with aging, illness, or taking certain medications such as antibiotics. Probiotic supplementation with a human strain of acidophilus (small bowel friendly bacteria) and a human strain of bifidus (large bowel friendly bacteria) should be taken two to three times a day.
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a naturally occurring friendly bacteria that resides in the upper section of the GI tract. Friendly bacteria provide a barrier against bad bacteria and also assist in the digestion and absorption of food. Some commercial yogurt companies claim that their products contain live active Lactobacillaceae. The strains commonly used in production of yogurt are helpful and beneficial, but cannot actively colonize the gut because they are not "human adapted." Human adaptive Lactobacillaceae are an example of probiotic organisms that can help recolonize the GI tract with beneficial bacteria. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, pregnant women with a first-degree relative or partner with atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, or asthma were given lactobacillus. Supplementation of the women and their infants continued after birth for 6 months. The study found that the frequency of atopic eczema in the probiotic group was half that of the placebo group. The researchers interpretation of the study was that lactobacillus was effective in prevention of early atopic disease and also to children at high risk. It was suggested that microflora may be an unexplored source of natural immuno-modulators for the prevention of atopic disease (Kalliomaki et al. 2001).
A meta-analysis documented that probiotics exert a prophylactic and therapeutic benefit both in viral gastroenteritis and in atopic disease. Probiotics appear to act by enhancing gut immunological reactions (Saavedra 2001). It appears that allergies in early childhood can be related to improper input from gut-colonizing bacteria in the regulation of immunological activity. Certain strains of lactobacillus appear to stimulate the production of beneficial interleukins and other cytokines. The lactobacillus may act by modifying the gut microflora to provide pro-T helper cell I (TH1) activating signals which tend to correct the TH2-type bias that promotes allergy (Cross et al. 2001).
Fructo-Oligosaccharides
Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) are a class of carbohydrate that we do not digest or absorb into the bloodstream, but which have an important function in feeding friendly bacteria, especially the bifido bacteria. By aiding the proliferation of bifido bacteria, the result is more protection in the gut from pathogens (Nemcova et al. 1999). Better digestion and absorption are reported in some cases along with improved lipid profile. FOS have been shown to increase the number of bifido bacteria and even Lactobacillceae (Sghir et al. 1998). In one study, adding 15 grams a day of FOS (about 3 tsp) resulted in an increase in bifido bacteria in the feces and healthier gut microflora which enhanced the condition of the bowel (Gibson et al. 1994, 1995). FOS are naturally present in some foods such as artichoke and have a slightly sweet taste.
Deglycyrrhizinated Licorice Root
Deglycyrrhizinated licorice root (DGL) has also been found to be beneficial for leaky gut syndrome. The recommended dose for this would be 500 mg of a 10:1 extract 3 times daily. It must be stressed that DGL retains the beneficial GI effects, but avoids the other potential side effects of using whole licorice that may include hypokalemia, hypernatremia, edemas, hypertension, and cardiac complaints.
WHEN TO CONTACT A HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL
For allergy problems with symptoms not relieved by personal measures, a healthcare professional trained in allergy should be consulted for allergen identification, assistance in allergen avoidance, and symptomatic treatment. Many allergy problems may be treated with allergen immunotherapy (desensitization, a series of treatments which can make you less sensitive to some allergens). Women who are pregnant (or may become so) and persons with other significant medical problems should seek guidance from a healthcare professional before using supplements and herbs, as should parents before giving these products to their children.
Summary
The number of supplements involved in suppressing allergy symptoms can appear daunting, but the benefits of consuming these nutrients include reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, dementia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and a host of degenerative diseases associated with aging. Therefore, while the objective of the allergy patient is immediate relief, the use of nutritional supplements can provide a long-term solution in treating the underlying causes of chronic allergy problems and helping to maintain an optimal state of health.
Reference: Life Extension Foundation
http://www.lef.org/protocols/prtcl-005.shtml
All Contents Copyright © 1995-2004 Life Extension Foundation All rights reserved.
Allergies
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